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8 March, is the international day of women

A single date in the world

The international women's day is celebrated the 8 March each year by women's groups around the world. It is also celebrated at the United Nations and, in many countries, It is a day of national holiday. When women from all continents, often divided by national boundaries and ethnic differences, linguistic, cultural, Economic and political, gather to celebrate their day, they can see, If they throw a look back, that it is a tradition that represents at least 90 years of struggle for equality, justice, peace and development.

For information, There is also an international day for men, and this is the 19 November QED

Women who made history

The international women's day is the story of ordinary women who made history. It has its roots in the struggle by women for centuries to participate in society on an equal footing with men. In ancient Greek, Lysistrata initiated a “sexual strike” against men to put an end to the war. During the French revolution, Parisian asking “freedom, equality, Brotherhood” marched on Versailles to demand the right to vote for women.

The idea of an international day of women emerged at the turn of the 19th and 20th centuries, period in the industrialized by the expansion and the hustle and bustle world, explosive population growth and the emergence of radical ideologies.

Chronological markers

1909 – According to a statement by the American Socialist Party, the first national women's day was celebrated throughout the territory of the United States, the 28 February. Women continued to celebrate the day the last Sunday of February until 1913.

1910 – The Socialist International meeting in Copenhagen has introduced a women's day, international character, to pay tribute to the movement for women's rights and to help get the suffrage of women. The proposal was approved unanimously by the conference which included most of 100 women from 17 country, including the first three women elected to the Finnish Parliament. No specific date has been set for this celebration.

1911 – Following the decision taken at Copenhagen the previous year, the international women's day was celebrated for the first time, the 19 March, in Germany, in Austria, the Denmark and Switzerland, where more than one million women and men attended rallies. In addition to the right to vote and to hold public office, They demanded the right to work, vocational training, and the cessation of discrimination in the workplace.

Less than a week after, the 25 March, the tragic fire of the Triangle in New York workshop claimed the lives of more of 140 workers, for most of Jewish and Italian immigrants. This event has had a strong influence on labour legislation in the United States, and it spoke of working conditions which had brought this disaster during the subsequent celebrations of the international day of women.

1913-1914 – In the context of the peace movement which fermented on the eve of the first world war, Russian women celebrated their first international women's day on the last Sunday in February 1913. In the other countries of Europe, the 8 March to one or two days of this date, Women held rallies either to protest the war, is to express their solidarity with their sisters.

1917 – Two million Russian soldiers have been killed during the war, Russian women have again chosen the last Sunday in February to strike to obtain ” bread and peace “. Political leaders protested against the date chosen for the strike, but women have overlooked. The rest is in the history books : four days later, the Czar was forced to abdicate and the provisional Government granted the right to vote to women. This historic Sunday fell the 23 February in the Julian calendar which was then in use in Russia, but the 8 March on the Georgian calendar used elsewhere.

These years, the international day of the woman took a new global dimension in developed countries as in developing countries. The feminist movement in full swing, that had been reinforced by four world conferences on women held under the auspices of the United Nations, has helped to make the celebration of this day the rallying point for coordinated efforts to require the realisation of women's rights and their participation in the political and economic process. More and more, the international women's day is the perfect time to reflect on the progress made, request changes and to celebrate acts of courage and determination by ordinary women who have played an extraordinary role in the history of women's rights.

The role of the United Nations

Rare are the causes which the United Nations promotes that have generated support more intense and larger than the campaign to promote and protect the equal rights of women. The Charter of the United Nations, signed at San Francisco in 1945, was the first international instrument to proclaim the equality as a fundamental right of the human person. Since, the Organization has helped create a historical heritage of strategies, standards, programmes and objectives agreed at the international level to improve the status of women in the world.

Over the years, the action taken by the United Nations for the promotion of women took four specific guidance : promotion of legal measures; mobilization of public opinion and international action; training and research, including compilation of statistics disaggregated by sex; and direct assistance to disadvantaged groups. Today, one of the organizing principles central to the work of the United Nations is that no lasting solution to social problems, Economic and political the most pressing of the company cannot be found without the full participation, and the full empowerment, women from around the world.

A site to visit : www.UN.org

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