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Madagascar begins its Independence by Hotel★★★ Gourmet RESTAURANT Coco Lodge Majunga

André Soucadaux will be the last high commissioner of the French Republic in Madagascar where he succeeds Robert Isaac Bargues in 1953. He is welcome on the island, specifies writer-teacher Régis Rajemisa-Raolison. He will have to witness various transformations and the upheaval of the colonial system : framework law of 1957, referendum of 1958, advent of the Malagasy Republic, recovery by the island of its Independence.

André Soucadaux will thus successively be High Commissioner of the French Republic of 1953 to 1958, high commissioner of the Community of 1958 to 1960 and high representative of France from 26 June 1960 until the date of his final departure at the end 1965, replaced by Ambassador Gey.
The framework law, prepared by Minister Deferre of the Overseas Territories (TOM), in the Guy Mollet office, grants them the maximum powers compatible with the French Constitution then in force. Voted on
23 June 1956, it comes into force in Madagascar in March 1957 where the first legislative elections take place.
These made it possible to proceed with the formation of the first Malagasy government of which Philibert Tsiranana was vice-president., the president being André Soucadaux. “This government is a government of learning for Independence. »

July 1958, the Malagasy vice-presidency is transformed into a presidency following major changes in the government in France. Indeed, a month earlier, General de Gaulle takes the destiny of France into his own hands and establishes a Constitutional Consultative Committee preparing a new Constitution. This would offer, regarding relations between France and the French Overseas Territories, what the text calls the Community.
The meaning of this word states that the French Republic and the TOM “spontaneously” decide to federate, each of these having full and complete freedom of its government within itself, and that the Territories and France decide to pool skills concerning defense, foreign policy, the economy, raw materials, the currency, justice and higher education, transport and telecommunications.

It is the 28 September 1958 that the new French Constitution is put to referendum : the “yes” in the TOM should mean “Independence and membership in the Community” and the “no”, “Independence and separation from the Community”. Madagascar votes “yes” by a majority of 77% under the leadership of the President of the Government, Philibert Tsiranana here, as soon as Independence within the Community is acquired, hastens to have it voted on by the provincial councilors gathered in congress, the 14 October 1958, the regime to adopt for Madagascar.

The proposal “Madagascar established as a free State in the republican form within the Community” is voted by the majority.

The same Congress elects from within itself the first Assembly and the next day 15 October was to welcome the declaration of High Commissioner André Soucadaux “abolishing the colonization regime”. And it is also simply that a crucial period in the History of Madagascar comes to an end., opened by the unilateral annexation law passed by the French Parliament, the 6 August 1896.

“Authorized by the government of the Republic, I take note in his name of the vote taken on 14 October 1958 by which the elected representatives of the Malagasy people demonstrated the desire of the populations to see their territory become a member state of the Community. I proclaim in his name that the Government of the Republic solemnly recognizes the institution of the Malagasy State, the obsolescence of the law of 6 August 1896 by which Madagascar had been united to the Republic and the free accession of this State to the Community. »
From that date, the provisional government formed by President Tsiranana and the National Assembly
are working to install the institutions of the Republic : members of the Senate are elected, the Constitution prepared by an Advisory Committee.

The 29 April 1959, the National Assembly, after having adopted a few days earlier, the national anthem and flag, votes the Constitution. Then the two Chambers united in Congress, May 1st at the Palace of Tsimbazaza, elect the first President of the Republic Philibert Tsiranana.

In December 1959 in Senegal, during the 6th session of the Executive Council of the Community, after General de Gaulle outlines his new position on the independence of member states, Philibert Tsiranana takes the opportunity to formulate a request for total independence. Provided with special powers of Parliament, he personally led the negotiations which opened in Paris on 10 February 1960 relating to the transfer of skills. The agreements are initialed, the 2 April in Paris, then signed in Antananarivo, the 26 June, date of the solemn proclamation of Independence.

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